Association between adiposity levels and cognitive impairment in theChilean older adult population

Abstract

lthough both obesity and ageing are risk factors for cognitive impairment, there is no evidence in Chile on how obesity levels are associated with cognitivefunction. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between adiposity levels and cognitive impairment in older Chilean adults. This cross-sectional study includes 1384 participants, over 60 years of age, from the Chilean National Health Survey 2009–2010. Cognitive impair-ment was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination. BMI and waist circumference (WC) were used as measures of adiposity. Compared withpeople with a normal BMI, the odds of cognitive impairment were higher in participants who were underweight (OR 4·44; 95 % CI 2·43, 6·45;P<0·0001), overweight (OR 1·86; 95 % CI 1·06, 2·66;P=0·031) and obese (OR 2·26; 95 % CI 1·31, 3·21;P=0·003). The associations were robustafter adjustment for confounding variables. Similar results were observed for WC. Low and high levels of adiposity are associated with an increased like-lihood of cognitive impairment in older adults in Chile.